Adolph, P.: Untersuchungen zum Energie- und Nährstoffbedarf adulter Meerschweinchen

Adolph, Petra: Untersuchungen zum Energie- und Nährstoffbedarf adulter Meerschweinchen.
Hannover, Tierärztl. Hochsch., Diss., 1994

Link zur Zusammenfassung: http://elib.tiho-hannover.de/dissertations/94adolph-p.pdf

Zitat :

Abstract

In the present work the protein and energy requirements and the metabolism of minerals in adult guinea pigs were investigated. Ten female inbred guinea pigs were offered different quantities of a diet of barley and grass green meal (period 1-4) and also diets containing different concentrations of crude protein (19,2-5,2 %) with ad lib feeding. After an adaptation time of 8 days and a collection period of 5 days (single cages) analyses of crude nutrients (and nitrogen) in food, faeces and urine, amino acids (food and faeces) and minerals (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium and chloride) were performed. At the end of each feeding period blood samples were drawn and analysed for different parameters (minerals, glucose, urea, creatinine, cholesterin, triglycerides, total protein, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamate dehydrogenase, total bilirubin, cholinesterase). In the urine pH, osmolality and specific gravity were examined and the existence of nitrite, protein, glucose, ketones, urobilinogen, bilirubin and blood was checked semiquantitatively.The following results were obtained:1. The apparent digestibility of the dry matter respectively of the organic nutrients was not influenced by a variation of food or energy intake but by the concentration of crude protein in the diet. With a content of 5,2 % in the food the digestibility of the dry matter decreased significantly (66,6 compared to 81,2 % with 12,5 % crude protein in the diet). The digestibility of crude protein and crude fibre decreased from 77,9 to 48,1 respectively from 55,5 to 27,7 %, whereas crude fat and nitrogen-free extracts were not markedly influenced.2. The body weight showed a significant dependence on the intake of digestible energy. According to the own observations the body weight is constant with an intake of 650 kJ DE/ kg body weight/d, summarizing all available data of the literature 500 kJ DE/kg body weight/d should provide weight constancy. The different intake of digestible energy did not cause a systematic change in he concentrations of glucose, cholesterin and triglycerides in the blood plasma. Neither in energy nor in protein deficiency ketones could be found in the urine.3. With a content of 5,2 % crude protein in dry matter the food intake did not decrease but alopecia, loss of body weight, decrease of total protein content in blood plasma from 54 to 45,4 g/l, of blood albumin from 29,1 to 23,9 g/l and of blood urea from 10 to 3,7 mmol/l were observed. Changing to a food with a content of 10,6 8 crude protein the symptoms disappeared within 4 weeks.4. Most of the minerals (calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium) were netabsorbed in a high percentage (62-90, 79-88, 73-89 and 68-86) whereas phosphorus and chloride showed lower netabsorption rates (47-70 and 39-80 %). A marginal content of the crude protein in the food lowered the digestibility of calcium, phosphorus, potassium and chloride, while magnesium and sodium were not influenced.5. The trace elements iron, copper, manganese and zinc had netabsorption rates (in %) of 8,5-27, 18-39, 10-27 and 12-36.With a sufficient supply of energy, crude matter and minerals the following data can be expected in blood plasma (/1):Tabelle siehe OriginalDiets for adult guinea pigs for maintenance should include (with 10-13 MJ DE) 80-100 g crude protein and the followingmineral contents per kg dry matter: calcium 2,5-3,0; magnesium 0,5-0,6; phosphorus 2,0; sodium 0,5; potassium 1,4-1,7; chloride 2,5 g